Turkey Electricity Generation & Grid Mix
In 2025, Turkey generated 353.86 TWh of electricity (1.12% of global output, ranked #15 worldwide). Its primary generation source was Coal at 121.4 TWh (34.3% of the national grid), while low-carbon sources (nuclear + renewables) provided 43.3% of total supply.
Turkey Electricity Generation by Source (2025)
2025 Total Output: 353.86 TWh · Carbon Intensity: 476 gCO2/kWh
Turkey Electricity Generation & Capacity by Source (2025)
| Generation Source | 2025 Output (TWh) | Grid Share (%) | Installed Capacity (GW) | 5Y Change | Share of World Fuel |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coal | 121.4 TWh | 34.3% | 21.02 GW | +14.2% | 1.2% |
| Natural Gas | 78.36 TWh | 22.1% | 26.94 GW | +15.1% | 1.1% |
| Hydroelectric | 57.27 TWh | 16.2% | 32.29 GW | -26.4% | 1.3% |
| Wind | 39.42 TWh | 11.1% | 14.78 GW | +60.2% | 1.4% |
| Solar | 37.25 TWh | 10.5% | 25.47 GW | +232.6% | 1.3% |
| Geothermal & Other | 10.65 TWh | 3.0% | 0.01 GW | +14.3% | 11.9% |
| Bioenergy | 8.48 TWh | 2.4% | 1.99 GW | +95.4% | 1.2% |
| Oil & Other Fossil | 1.03 TWh | 0.3% | 0.57 GW | +202.9% | 0.1% |
Turkey Historical Generation & Emissions Ledger (2000-2025)
| Year | Total (TWh) | Coal | Gas | Nuclear | Hydro | Wind | Solar | Clean % | gCO2/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 353.9 | 121.4 | 78.4 | 0.0 | 57.3 | 39.4 | 37.3 | 43.3% | 476 |
| 2024 | 341.2 | 121.3 | 63.3 | 0.0 | 74.6 | 36.5 | 25.7 | 45.6% | 471 |
| 2023 | 319.8 | 118 | 66.5 | 0.0 | 63.7 | 33.9 | 18.4 | 42.0% | 495 |
| 2022 | 320.6 | 113.6 | 71.9 | 0.0 | 66.7 | 34.7 | 15.2 | 41.9% | 489 |
| 2021 | 327.9 | 104.1 | 107.3 | 0.0 | 55.5 | 31.0 | 13.3 | 35.4% | 502 |
| 2020 | 302 | 106.3 | 68.1 | 0.0 | 77.9 | 24.6 | 11.2 | 42.2% | 484 |
| 2019 | 300.2 | 112.9 | 54.9 | 0.0 | 88.6 | 21.6 | 9.6 | 43.8% | 490 |
| 2018 | 300.2 | 111.8 | 90.1 | 0.0 | 59.8 | 19.9 | 7.8 | 32.3% | 543 |
| 2017 | 297.3 | 97.5 | 110.5 | 0.0 | 58.2 | 17.9 | 2.9 | 29.3% | 535 |
| 2016 | 274.4 | 92.3 | 89.2 | 0.0 | 67.2 | 15.5 | 1.0 | 32.9% | 523 |
| 2015 | 261.8 | 76.2 | 99.2 | 0.0 | 67.2 | 11.7 | 0.2 | 31.9% | 505 |
| 2014 | 252 | 76.3 | 120.6 | 0.0 | 40.6 | 8.5 | 0.0 | 20.9% | 568 |
| 2013 | 240.2 | 63.8 | 105.1 | 0.0 | 59.4 | 7.6 | 0.0 | 28.8% | 510 |
| 2012 | 239.5 | 68.0 | 104.5 | 0.0 | 57.9 | 5.9 | 0.0 | 27.2% | 528 |
| 2011 | 229.4 | 66.2 | 104.1 | 0.0 | 52.3 | 4.7 | 0.0 | 25.3% | 541 |
| 2010 | 211.2 | 55.1 | 98.1 | 0.0 | 51.8 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 26.4% | 525 |
| 2009 | 194.8 | 55.7 | 96.1 | 0.0 | 36.0 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 19.6% | 577 |
| 2008 | 198.4 | 57.7 | 98.7 | 0.0 | 33.3 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 17.4% | 594 |
| 2007 | 191.5 | 53.4 | 95.0 | 0.0 | 35.9 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 19.0% | 578 |
| 2006 | 176.3 | 46.7 | 80.7 | 0.0 | 44.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 25.3% | 538 |
| 2005 | 161.6 | 43.2 | 73.5 | 0.0 | 39.6 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 24.6% | 544 |
| 2004 | 149.8 | 34.5 | 62.3 | 0.0 | 46.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 30.9% | 494 |
| 2003 | 139.5 | 32.3 | 63.5 | 0.0 | 35.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 25.5% | 525 |
| 2002 | 128.5 | 32.2 | 52.5 | 0.0 | 33.7 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 26.4% | 536 |
| 2001 | 122.2 | 38.4 | 49.7 | 0.0 | 24.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 19.9% | 605 |
| 2000 | 124.4 | 38.2 | 46.5 | 0.0 | 30.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 25.1% | 574 |
Frequently Asked Questions - Turkey Power Grid
How much electricity does Turkey generate and what is its #1 power source?
In 2025, Turkey generated 353.86 TWh of electricity (1.12% of global output). Its largest single generation source was Coal at 121.40 TWh (34.3% of the national grid mix).
What share of Turkey's electricity comes from clean and renewable sources?
Low-carbon sources (nuclear plus renewables) supplied 43.3% of Turkey's electricity in 2025, with renewables accounting for 43.3% and wind plus solar contributing 21.7%. Fossil fuels accounted for 56.7% of total generation.
What is the carbon intensity of Turkey's electricity grid?
In 2025, Turkey's power sector carbon intensity was 475.7 gCO2/kWh, with total power sector emissions of 168.34 million metric tons of CO2.