India Electricity Generation & Grid Mix
In 2025, India generated 2,081.6 TWh of electricity (6.56% of global output, ranked #3 worldwide). Its primary generation source was Coal at 1,474.15 TWh (70.8% of the national grid), while low-carbon sources (nuclear + renewables) provided 26.7% of total supply.
India Electricity Generation by Source (2025)
2025 Total Output: 2,081.6 TWh · Carbon Intensity: 671 gCO2/kWh
India Electricity Generation & Capacity by Source (2025)
| Generation Source | 2025 Output (TWh) | Grid Share (%) | Installed Capacity (GW) | 5Y Change | Share of World Fuel |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coal | 1,474.15 TWh | 70.8% | 250.65 GW | +28.9% | 14.1% |
| Solar | 195.99 TWh | 9.4% | 135.5 GW | +270.4% | 7.0% |
| Hydroelectric | 177.97 TWh | 8.6% | 49.12 GW | +8.6% | 4.0% |
| Wind | 103.98 TWh | 5.0% | 54.51 GW | +72.1% | 3.8% |
| Nuclear | 53.83 TWh | 2.6% | 8.78 GW | +20.7% | 1.9% |
| Natural Gas | 48.54 TWh | 2.3% | 26.62 GW | -35.1% | 0.7% |
| Bioenergy | 23.04 TWh | 1.1% | 10.96 GW | +15.9% | 3.3% |
| Oil & Other Fossil | 4.10 TWh | 0.2% | 19.32 GW | +32.7% | 0.5% |
India Historical Generation & Emissions Ledger (2000-2025)
| Year | Total (TWh) | Coal | Gas | Nuclear | Hydro | Wind | Solar | Clean % | gCO2/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 2,081.6 | 1,474.2 | 48.5 | 53.8 | 178 | 104 | 196 | 26.7% | 671 |
| 2024 | 2,036.5 | 1,517.9 | 56.4 | 54.7 | 156.5 | 81.5 | 143.1 | 22.5% | 707 |
| 2023 | 1,918.3 | 1,445.4 | 50.8 | 48.2 | 149.4 | 82.1 | 115.4 | 21.8% | 714 |
| 2022 | 1,804.6 | 1,344.4 | 46.2 | 46.2 | 175.1 | 70.1 | 95.9 | 22.8% | 706 |
| 2021 | 1,678.7 | 1,255.6 | 60.4 | 43.9 | 160.6 | 68.1 | 65.6 | 21.4% | 716 |
| 2020 | 1,563.4 | 1,143.8 | 74.8 | 44.6 | 163.9 | 60.4 | 52.9 | 21.9% | 709 |
| 2019 | 1,601 | 1,198.8 | 72.0 | 45.2 | 162.3 | 63.3 | 37.5 | 20.4% | 723 |
| 2018 | 1,571.7 | 1,198.9 | 71.3 | 39.1 | 139.9 | 60.3 | 37.5 | 18.8% | 738 |
| 2017 | 1,462.4 | 1,115.2 | 75.0 | 37.4 | 136 | 52.6 | 22.4 | 18.0% | 743 |
| 2016 | 1,394.9 | 1,073.6 | 72.6 | 37.9 | 128.6 | 43.5 | 12.2 | 17.1% | 752 |
| 2015 | 1,310.6 | 1,006.6 | 64.8 | 38.3 | 133.5 | 32.7 | 7.1 | 17.5% | 751 |
| 2014 | 1,258.7 | 949.9 | 64.0 | 34.7 | 139 | 33.5 | 4.9 | 18.5% | 743 |
| 2013 | 1,141.2 | 848 | 66.3 | 33.3 | 132 | 30.0 | 3.4 | 18.9% | 739 |
| 2012 | 1,088.4 | 787.1 | 96.3 | 33.1 | 115.8 | 27.4 | 2.1 | 17.9% | 743 |
| 2011 | 1,032.3 | 701.3 | 117.6 | 32.2 | 131.7 | 24.0 | 0.8 | 19.8% | 722 |
| 2010 | 936.4 | 643 | 118 | 23.1 | 108.7 | 19.5 | 0.1 | 17.6% | 739 |
| 2009 | 878.6 | 611.1 | 104.4 | 16.8 | 106.3 | 16.3 | 0.1 | 17.1% | 745 |
| 2008 | 828.4 | 573.1 | 85.9 | 15.2 | 115.2 | 14.4 | 0.1 | 18.6% | 733 |
| 2007 | 796.3 | 533.3 | 90.1 | 17.8 | 122.6 | 11.7 | 0.1 | 20.1% | 718 |
| 2006 | 744.4 | 505.5 | 74.7 | 17.6 | 112.6 | 9.3 | 0.0 | 19.5% | 723 |
| 2005 | 704.5 | 478.5 | 75.5 | 17.7 | 97.4 | 6.0 | 0.0 | 17.8% | 734 |
| 2004 | 698.3 | 463 | 76.6 | 21.3 | 100.6 | 5.2 | 0.0 | 18.7% | 724 |
| 2003 | 638.1 | 441.5 | 72.8 | 18.1 | 69.3 | 2.6 | 0.0 | 14.5% | 758 |
| 2002 | 609.6 | 426.7 | 62.9 | 19.4 | 68.5 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 15.1% | 756 |
| 2001 | 586.1 | 408.3 | 55.9 | 18.9 | 72.0 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 16.2% | 747 |
| 2000 | 571.4 | 390.2 | 56.0 | 15.8 | 77.0 | 1.6 | 0.0 | 16.8% | 740 |
Frequently Asked Questions - India Power Grid
How much electricity does India generate and what is its #1 power source?
In 2025, India generated 2,081.60 TWh of electricity (6.56% of global output). Its largest single generation source was Coal at 1,474.15 TWh (70.8% of the national grid mix).
What share of India's electricity comes from clean and renewable sources?
Low-carbon sources (nuclear plus renewables) supplied 26.7% of India's electricity in 2025, with renewables accounting for 24.1% and wind plus solar contributing 14.4%. Fossil fuels accounted for 73.3% of total generation.
What is the carbon intensity of India's electricity grid?
In 2025, India's power sector carbon intensity was 670.5 gCO2/kWh, with total power sector emissions of 1,395.81 million metric tons of CO2.