Thailand Electricity Generation & Grid Mix
In 2025, Thailand generated 188.24 TWh of electricity (0.59% of global output, ranked #25 worldwide). Its primary generation source was Natural Gas at 123.34 TWh (65.5% of the national grid), while low-carbon sources (nuclear + renewables) provided 16.6% of total supply.
Thailand Electricity Generation by Source (2025)
2025 Total Output: 188.24 TWh · Carbon Intensity: 546 gCO2/kWh
Thailand Electricity Generation & Capacity by Source (2025)
| Generation Source | 2025 Output (TWh) | Grid Share (%) | Installed Capacity (GW) | 5Y Change | Share of World Fuel |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Natural Gas | 123.34 TWh | 65.5% | 38.83 GW | +8.3% | 1.8% |
| Coal | 33.56 TWh | 17.8% | 5.84 GW | -8.9% | 0.3% |
| Bioenergy | 10.19 TWh | 5.4% | 4.31 GW | -17.1% | 1.4% |
| Solar | 9.98 TWh | 5.3% | 6.84 GW | +98.4% | 0.4% |
| Hydroelectric | 7.62 TWh | 4.0% | 3.13 GW | +67.8% | 0.2% |
| Wind | 3.41 TWh | 1.8% | 1.54 GW | +5.9% | 0.1% |
| Oil & Other Fossil | 0.14 TWh | 0.1% | - | -80.6% | 0.0% |
Thailand Historical Generation & Emissions Ledger (2000-2025)
| Year | Total (TWh) | Coal | Gas | Nuclear | Hydro | Wind | Solar | Clean % | gCO2/kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 188.2 | 33.6 | 123.3 | 0.0 | 7.6 | 3.4 | 10.0 | 16.6% | 546 |
| 2024 | 199.5 | 33.3 | 136.4 | 0.0 | 6.4 | 3.4 | 5.4 | 14.8% | 555 |
| 2023 | 190.5 | 30.4 | 129.4 | 0.0 | 6.6 | 3.7 | 5.1 | 15.6% | 550 |
| 2022 | 180.4 | 35.5 | 114.6 | 0.0 | 6.6 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 15.8% | 561 |
| 2021 | 176.4 | 36.1 | 113.1 | 0.0 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 5.0 | 15.0% | 567 |
| 2020 | 176.5 | 36.8 | 113.9 | 0.0 | 4.5 | 3.2 | 5.0 | 14.2% | 571 |
| 2019 | 186.5 | 35.8 | 121.8 | 0.0 | 6.3 | 3.7 | 5.2 | 14.9% | 563 |
| 2018 | 177.8 | 35.8 | 116.3 | 0.0 | 7.6 | 1.6 | 4.5 | 14.3% | 569 |
| 2017 | 176.7 | 35.7 | 121 | 0.0 | 4.7 | 1.1 | 4.5 | 11.1% | 584 |
| 2016 | 179.8 | 37.1 | 126.2 | 0.0 | 3.5 | 0.4 | 3.6 | 8.9% | 596 |
| 2015 | 177.8 | 34.6 | 128.5 | 0.0 | 3.8 | 0.3 | 2.4 | 7.8% | 598 |
| 2014 | 173.8 | 37.6 | 120.3 | 0.0 | 5.2 | 0.4 | 1.9 | 8.2% | 602 |
| 2013 | 168.6 | 35.4 | 119.2 | 0.0 | 5.4 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 7.5% | 603 |
| 2012 | 169 | 34.6 | 119.4 | 0.0 | 8.4 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 8.1% | 598 |
| 2011 | 153.3 | 31.7 | 108.3 | 0.0 | 7.9 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 7.8% | 601 |
| 2010 | 157.6 | 29.8 | 118.4 | 0.0 | 5.4 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 5.6% | 606 |
| 2009 | 145.9 | 29.8 | 106.3 | 0.0 | 7.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.3% | 606 |
| 2008 | 145.4 | 30.8 | 104.5 | 0.0 | 7.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.3% | 609 |
| 2007 | 142.5 | 30.9 | 98.2 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.3% | 607 |
| 2006 | 136.8 | 24.5 | 94.4 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.3% | 599 |
| 2005 | 130.4 | 20.6 | 94.5 | 0.0 | 5.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.8% | 601 |
| 2004 | 124.1 | 20.4 | 90.3 | 0.0 | 5.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.2% | 599 |
| 2003 | 115.9 | 19.3 | 85.7 | 0.0 | 7.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.3% | 591 |
| 2002 | 108.4 | 19.3 | 78.9 | 0.0 | 7.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.5% | 593 |
| 2001 | 101 | 20.3 | 71.2 | 0.0 | 6.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.7% | 606 |
| 2000 | 95.5 | 18.2 | 61.1 | 0.0 | 5.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.7% | 609 |
Frequently Asked Questions - Thailand Power Grid
How much electricity does Thailand generate and what is its #1 power source?
In 2025, Thailand generated 188.24 TWh of electricity (0.59% of global output). Its largest single generation source was Natural Gas at 123.34 TWh (65.5% of the national grid mix).
What share of Thailand's electricity comes from clean and renewable sources?
Low-carbon sources (nuclear plus renewables) supplied 16.6% of Thailand's electricity in 2025, with renewables accounting for 16.6% and wind plus solar contributing 7.1%. Fossil fuels accounted for 83.4% of total generation.
What is the carbon intensity of Thailand's electricity grid?
In 2025, Thailand's power sector carbon intensity was 546.3 gCO2/kWh, with total power sector emissions of 102.84 million metric tons of CO2.